Warping machine for beam dyeing



March 10, 1925.

A. R; PERRIN WARPING MACHINE FOR BEAM DYEING I Original Filed Dec. 23, 1922 2 She ets*Shee l March 10, 1925. 1,528,847

A. R. PERRIN WARPING MACHINE FOR BEAM DYEING riginal Filed DEC. 23, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet Z In venion y Mr. 2114.

Patented Mar. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALPHONSE R. PERRIN, OF WESTBROOK, MAINE, ASSIGNOR .TO SACO-LOWELL SHOPS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0}?v MASSACHUSETTS.

WARPING MACHINE FOR BEAM DYEING.

Original application filed December 23, 1922, Serial No. 508,755. Divided and this application filed April 7, 1924. Serial No. 704,548.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownlthat I, ALrHoNsE R. PERRIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVestbrook, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Warping Machines for Beam Dyeing, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to beam dyeing and means by which the warp beams may be wound more loosely and porously and so that the dye will penetrate a greater number of warp threads than under the old'and well known process. Thepresent invention is a divisional application of No. 508,7 55, filed December 23, 1922.

The prime object of the present invention is to produce a soft warp by speeding up the yarn delivery to the beam so that the yarn will keep a trifle ahead of the speed of the surface velocity of the beam whereby the yarn is fed in a slack condition to the beam. The penetrability of the dyes will thereby materially be increased.

According to the present process of beam dyeing, the warps or other yarns are wound upon a hollow perforated arbor or barrel and are placed bodily in a steam-tight retort. The dye is subjected to pressure in the retort, connection being made with the inside of the hollow arbor or barrel and the outside of the same, so that the dyes are forced by the pressure through the body of the warp into the hollow arbor and also in the reverse direction.

Thus, the dye is forced through the warp from the periphery of the beam inward toward the center and also in the opposite direction, passing back and forth until the yarn is entirely dyed.

In carrying out this process in practice, it is found that there is a limit to the amount of yarn that can be placed on a beam as the permeability of the mass of.

yarn decreases as the roll or beam grows larger and denser.

Thus, in dyeing cotton warps, it is found that about 8000 yards is the limit for a single beam as the dye will not penetrate through a greater thickness than this when wound in the ordinary way and with the usual tension on the warp beam.

In dyeing warp yarns, the yarn is wound directly on the cylinder from which it takes its motion by frictional contact with the surface of the cylinder.

The size of the beam when. the winding process first begins is about 12 inches in di ameter but as the yarn accumulates it builds up to a diameter of approximately 23 inches, when the beam iscompletely filled. The consequence is that as the beam fills up the pressure on the driving cylinder be comes relatively very great and as a consequence the yarn is compressed becoming more and more dense and impermeable as the size of the warp beam grows greater.

As a consequence, it is necessary to stop the accumulation on the warp beam long before it is entirely filled because it becomes impermeable to the dye by reason of the dense character of the beam yarn as it builds up on the hollow arbor.

As a result of this condition, much time and expense are wasted in limiting the quantity of yarn treated in a single dyeing operation,

According to my invention, I render the yarn as it winds on the beam permeable to the dye by delivering the yarn t0 the beam at a speed slightly in excess of the surface speed of the beam as the yarn builds up on the beam. I

As a result of this operation, I build up What is called a soft beam by winding the yarn on the arbor with a uniform pressure which averages much less than its normal pressure, thus imparting to the beam as a whole a softness and permeability which allows the dye to pass freely through it.

In the form inwhich I prefer to carry out my invention, I suspend the shaft of the warp beam on the arms of a pair of pivotal counter-weighted levers so that as the beam builds up with yarn it is forced by contact with the driving cylinder nearer to the fulcrum of the levers. Thus, the counterweights by exerting continuously increasing leverage tending to lift the. beam, are able to relieve the driving cylinder of an increasing portion of the weight of the beanr and to cause the beam to exert on the cylinder always a substantially uniform pressure,

any given base, thus e'flectinga greats'aving in the time andexpense'ofbeam dyeing with other advantages hereinafter pointed out.

In the accompanying drawing, Ishowa warping device arranged to make soft and permeable warp beams in accordance with my invention.

In the drawing Fig. 1, is an end-elevation 0f the beam and adjacent parts,

Fig. 2, is a rear elevation of the same,

Fig.3, is a section on an enlarged scale -on the line 33 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4, is a sectionon the lin'e4 4:of Fig. 2,

'Fig. 5, is a sectionon the line =55'of F ig.-2.

Fig. 6, isan elevation'of oneend of the spiral spring comb forguiding theyarn just-before it passes-.tothe beam,

Fig. 7, is a section on the line 7-7 of 'Fig. 2,

Fig. 8, is a cross'sectionon theline 8-8 ofFig. 5 and,

Fig. 9, is acrosssection on the line 9 9 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is the perforated hollow metal barrel on which the yarn is wound,'2=is the friction roll over whichthe yarn passes before reaching the beam, 3 isthe guide roll placed next before the friction roll,4 is the first comb located in front of the guide roll, 5 is, the driving cylinder which partially sustains the weight of the barrel and the yarn wound thereon and 6 is-the-liead of thebeam.

The beam 1 isprovided with a central arbor 6 which is detachably mounted inpivoted arms 9. These arms 9 are supported by counter-balancing mechanism comprising weighted levers 16 fulcrumed intermediate oftheir ends and having'curvedarms 14 supporting the free ends of the pivoted arms 9 on which the beam 1 is mounted.

T he arms 9 permit the-necessary-movement of the beam away from the driving'cylinder 5 as the yarn builds up on the beam 1. As the yarn builds up on the beam 1, it will increase in weight and at-the same time, the beam will move upwardly away from the axis of the drive cylinder 5. This upward movement of the beam also carries its axis inwardly with respect to the fulcrum point of the weighted levers so that the leverage and the counter-balancing effect of the weighted levers gradually increases with the increased weight of the beam. This operation will continue and the beam will travel slowly towards the fulcrum point of the weighted levers and the weighted arm of the levers will swing downwardly from the full line position shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings to the dotted line positions shown in the said figure. When the beam is at the limit of its upward movement, it is forced bodily forward, eai.:sing.it to drop over the weighted levers onto a truck .or other receptacle by which it isto be removed.

In order to produce the most .loose and permeable beani it is'desirable not only .to relieve the. pressure or tension between the beam and the driving cylinder asexplained butitis also desirable to feed theyarn to the beam with-as littletension as possible at *the same time laying .it smoothly and evenly on .thebeam.

usual way, is constructed of a spiral sprmg30 held in an-elongated t-ube31hav mg Fa central rod 32 passing through the spring. The end of the rod passes through a sliding head 33 and an elongated screw .34 jOtllDZlllGfl in saidhead.

The head 33has a spiralgrooveon its outer surface in which fits the spiral spring .30, the head being thus securely fastened to the end of the spring so that the spring may be-expanded or contracted endwise by the movementof-the head. To prevent the rotation of the head 33, a stop 35 slidesin a longitudinalslot 36 formed in the tube The spring may bestretched or allowed to contraetby theaction of the screw 3% and this is effected by an annular nut 3'? rotated by. a'hand wheel 38 and having an internal screw thread engaging the screw thread 34-. Thus, when the hand wheel 33 is turned in one direction the head 33 is pulled toward the end of the tube 30, stretching out the spring-and when it is turned in the opposite direction, it pushes in the head 33 allowing the spring to contract. I

Thus, by the stretching and contracting of the spiral spring 30 any number of turns of the spring may be evenly distributed within a given space across the face of the beam and a quickly adjusted comb produced which requires far less manipulation than a comb of-ordinary construction.

The effective portion of the comb has about half the cylindrical body of the tube removed with the ends left substantially complete.

The yarn passes through the coil as shown in Fig. 7, extending down by the upper edge of the tube, thence by the lower edge passing inside of the central rod 32. It is not necessary to insert the central rod until the threads are placed in position between the turns of the spring when the rod is slipped in and the comb is complete.

The tubular comb and spring are preferably fixed at one end with the opposite end slidable within the tube as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

It is to be understood that the counter weighting mechanism as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is duplicated at each end of the beam so that the counter-weights at each end act in concert to relieve the weight of the beam on the cylinder 5.

By the use of a comb and particularly the improved comb, herein set forth, between the friction roll and the beam and by the reduction of the pressure between the cylinder and the beam, I am enabled to relax the tension of the yarn as it is wound on the beam and still produce an even body of yarn and an even degree of permeability resulting in more even distribution of the dye.

If the tension on the yarn is relaxed by increasing the speed of the friction roll, still retaining the high pressure of the old apparatus, the yarn as it builds up forms ridges which the excessive pressure is apt to topple or crush over, forming streaks when the beam dyeing process is applied. By relieving the pressure between the beam and the cylinder, and relieving the tension on the yarn by speeding up the friction roll and inserting a comb between the frictional roll and the beam, I embody a combination of elements resulting in a soft beam of great permeability.

In addition to the advantage of treating a greater quantity of yarn on a single beam, I am enabled by the use of my invention to extend the adaptability of beam dyeing to a class of dyes which could not before have been used on account of the fact that they would not be forced to penetrate the solid body of yarn produced by the old process and this is particularly true of the more delicate shades of color where even permeability is most desirable.

While I have shown one form of mechanism for relieving the tension or pressure on the beam, other means may be devised for winding the yarn on the beam so that it will become more permeable.

In the manufacture of the machines like the present one for making soft warps and where such machines have to be made applicable to different mills, running different numbers of yarn, my machine is arranged so that it may be applied differently to different sizes of yarn and therefore it is necessary to cover by patents combinations of the different elements which may be used according to circumstances.

It is obvious that in any device of this sort it is necessary to use the beam and the driving cylinder or its equivalent for driv ing the beam.

hen fine yarn is used which naturally tends to pack solidly on the beam a dense impermeable body of yarn, it is necessary to gradually relieve the pressure on the beam as it builds up.

This is done by the counter-weighted levers shown, by which the beam is gradually drawn away from the driving cylin- In such cases, where fine yarn is used, it is necessary to combine with the beam even, when gradually relieved of the pressure, the comb located between the friction roll and the beam.

The reason for this is that if the comb is not present to guide the yarn and one strand of yarn happens to break, the machine tender has difficulty in finding the broken thread unless the thread can be found exactly where it belongs. The comb by guiding the yarn aids the operator to find the broken end.

On the other hand, if coarse yarn is used it is not always necessary to use the counterweighted lever for separating the beam from the driving cylinder nor is it necessary to make use of the comb for guiding the yarn onto the beam but it is necessary to regulate the speed by which the yarn is fed to the beamso that it will always remain slack.

I claim In a warping machine for beam dyeing the combination of a warping beam, a driving cylinder for the same, a friction roll for delivering yarn to said beam at a speed slightly in excess of the surface speed of said beam, a comb interposed-between said friction roll and said beam adjacent to said roll for immediately straightening the yarn as it comes from said friction roll, the said friction roll being separated from said beam by a space free and clear from parts which would interfere with the yarn.

ALPHONSE R. PEER-IN. 

